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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Sickle Cell, increased adhesion to endothelial cell walls ???? microvascular obstruction in capillaries during vaso-occlusive crisis, decreased blood flow in spleen, bone and joints hyperplasia leads to bone resorption, glutamic acid to valine amino acid change loss of a negative charge change in conformation of Hb, HbS polymerization long fibers of interlocking Hb, sickle chest syndrome symptoms are pulmonary hypertension after destruction of microvascular structure in lung, replacing dead tissue with collagen, increased susceptibility to infection increases chance of sickle chest syndrome, K+ leakage and Ca2+ influx sickle shaped cells are less deformable leads to aggregation change in plasma membrane, microvascular obstruction in capillaries during vaso-occlusive crisis produces decreased blood flow, retina leads to retinal detachment, hemmhorage neo vascularization, loss of red blood cell elasticity causes K+ leakage and Ca2+ influx, lungs causes sickle chest syndrome, brain increases instance of stroke, bone and joints increased susceptibility to osteomyelitis, loss of red blood cell elasticity causes decreased life span of RBCs contributes to, free plasma Hb leads to decreased free NO increased superoxide increased endothelin, decreased blood flow in liver, decreased blood flow in bone and joints, decreased free NO increased superoxide increased endothelin increased vasoconstriction produces decreased blood flow, decreased blood flow in all tissues