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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Muranoi_Output-Pract_2007_P6-studies, Kowal & Swain (1994) suggest that SS "were pushed to reflect on the sentence", "this output oriented, focus-on-form treatment would bring positive effects on the learning of a relatively complex grammaticl form (the English perfect passive) found out that 1. FFGS enhanced oral & written accuracy, Kowal & Swain (1994) found that SS became aware of points of uncertainty, data support the output hypothesis as there is the presence of metalinguistic functions, Studies of Output Practice Through Text Reconstruction and Writting by Kowal & Swain (1994), a focus-on-form approach "that emphasized" "pushed output in L2 learning through guided summarizing" (FFGS), Empirical Studies on the effects of Output Practice such as Studies of Output Practice Through Interaction, Empirical Studies on the effects of Output Practice such as Studies comparing Comprehension and Production Practice, data support the output hypothesis as there is the presence of hypothesis formulation & testing, Empirical Studies on the effects of Output Practice such as Studies of Output Practice Through Text Reconstruction and Writting, Empirical Studies on the effects of Output Practice such as Studies of Output Practice Through Communication Tasks, data support the output hypothesis as there is the presence of noticing, DeKeyser (1997) found that practice is good for the assimilation of grammar and development of performance, Muranoi (2000a) p66-67 investigated if "this output oriented, focus-on-form treatment would bring positive effects on the learning of a relatively complex grammaticl form (the English perfect passive), Studies comparing Comprehension and Production Practice none measure oral production, Muranoi (2000a) p66-67 recognises the need for more research with more "spontaneous online use of the target form in less controlled communicative tasks", Kowal & Swain (1994) found that SS became aware of gaps, Studies of Output Practice Through Text Reconstruction and Writting by Muranoi (2000a) p66-67, Kowal & Swain (1994) suggest that SS "deepen their understanding of form-function relationships", Muranoi (2000a) p66-67 proposed a focus-on-form approach