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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: plate tectonic theory--GINASACC, Continental Drift Theory 1912--Alfred Wegner Wegner's hypothesis Pangaea "Supercontinent", Gondwanaland Pangaea Permian Era 225 MYA Laurasia, 1785--James Hutton Uniformitarianism Principle " The present is key to past" Use of Bathymetric surveys evidence of 1855-Underwater mountains, Laurasia Triassic 200 MYA Gondwanaland, Plate Tectonic Theory Evidence Magnetic Field Reversals, Plate Tectonic Theory Main features Earth's surface, 1947--seismologists evidence of thin ocean floor sediment led to 1950--Global mountain range "Mid-Ocean Ridge", Gondwanaland Supporting Fossil evidence from Edward Seuss, Continental Drift Theory 1912--Alfred Wegner led to 1929--Arthur Holmes Mantle--thermal convection, Plate Tectonic Theory Main features Mantle--source of heat, Plate Tectonic Theory Evidence Documented links between volcanic and earthquake activity, 1596--Abraham Ortelius Belief that Americas torn away from Africa by floods and earthquakes handlines used measure ocean depth ????, Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis ???? Mid-Ocean Ridege Deep sea trenches Island Arcs Geomagnetic patterns Fault patterns, 1855-Underwater mountains led to 1947--seismologists evidence of thin ocean floor sediment, Jurassic 150 MYA started separating Present day, Pangaea "Supercontinent" Pangaea Permian Era 225 MYA Laurasia, 1929--Arthur Holmes Mantle--thermal convection Led to 1961-1962-- Harry Hess & Richard Dietz, Plate Tectonic Theory Main features Convection Currents, Plate Tectonic Theory Main features Ocean Floors, 1950's Mid-Ocean Ridge discovery