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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: 15.2.3.a Electron Transport Chain, where *Complex 11 (succinate dehydrogenase) : contains a flavorprotein FAD and is associated with non-hem iron- sulphur proteins (Fe.S).This complex receives electrons and protons from succinate and transfer them to ubiquinone (Q)., where *Complex 1 (NADH-Q reductase) : contain a flavoprotein FMN and is associated with non-haem iron-sulphur proteins (Fe.S).This complex is responsible for transporting electrons and protons from NADH to ubiquinone (Q)., *Meanwhile,the electrons carried by FADH2 which have a lower free energy are funnelled into the electron transport chain. ???? *The electrons are then transferred through a series of cytochromes carriers which are at progressively lower energy level.A reduced ubiquinone is oxidised with the transfer of electrons to cytochrome c via cytochrome bc1., ???? *In the initial step,the high energy NADH binds to the complex 1.Here,NADH is oxidised to NADH+ with the corresponding reduction of flavoprotein (FMN) to FMNH2.Simultaneously,the flavoprotein accepts a H+ from the medium of the matrix in mitochondrion.The two hydrogen ion (H+ released from NADH,along with the H+ accepted from the medium) are deposited into the intermembrane space of mitochondrion.The two electrons are passed immediately to another enzyme in Fe.S and then to ubiquinone (Q).The NAD+ is returned to the Krebs cycle., where *Complex 111(cytochrome c reductase complex) : contains three components,i.e. cytochrome b,iron- sulphur protein (Fe.S),and cytochrome c1.Here, ubiquinone is oxidized with the transfer of electrons to cytochrome c via cytochrome bc1., its mobile carrier which are *Ubiquinone(Q) : a nonprotein component which is nonpolar and located near the matrix.It moves freely within the hydrophobic interior of the phospholipids bilayer of the inner membrane.Ubiquinone accepts electrons from the complex 1 and two protons from solution.It then diffuses across the lipid bilayer and releases two protons to the intermembrane space.As protons are released, ubiquinone passes electrons to the complex 111., *Ubiquinone(Q) : a nonprotein component which is nonpolar and located near the matrix.It moves freely within the hydrophobic interior of the phospholipids bilayer of the inner membrane.Ubiquinone accepts electrons from the complex 1 and two protons from solution.It then diffuses across the lipid bilayer and releases two protons to the intermembrane space.As protons are released, ubiquinone passes electrons to the complex 111. and *Cytochrome : a peripheral membrane protein loosely bound to the inner membrane of the mitochondrion and acts as a mobile carrier to transfer electrons between complex 111 and complex 4.Each time a cytochrome receives electrons, it becomes reduced.The reduced electron carrier then passes the electrons to the next electron carrier abd becomes oxidised itself., where *Complex 4 (cytochrome c oxidase complex): it contains cytochrome a and a3.This complex receives electrons from cytochrome c and transfers them to 1/2 o2., *In the initial step,the high energy NADH binds to the complex 1.Here,NADH is oxidised to NADH+ with the corresponding reduction of flavoprotein (FMN) to FMNH2.Simultaneously,the flavoprotein accepts a H+ from the medium of the matrix in mitochondrion.The two hydrogen ion (H+ released from NADH,along with the H+ accepted from the medium) are deposited into the intermembrane space of mitochondrion.The two electrons are passed immediately to another enzyme in Fe.S and then to ubiquinone (Q).The NAD+ is returned to the Krebs cycle. ???? *Meanwhile,the electrons carried by FADH2 which have a lower free energy are funnelled into the electron transport chain., *The electrons are then transferred through a series of cytochromes carriers which are at progressively lower energy level.A reduced ubiquinone is oxidised with the transfer of electrons to cytochrome c via cytochrome bc1. ???? *Electrons are then passed to complex 4 from cytochrome c and then to the last electron carrier,cyt a3 remained in a reduced state,it would be unable to accept more electrons. Electron transport would stop functioning and no ATP could be produced in mitochondrion.Oxygen from the air obtained through breathing allows electron transport to continue by functioning as the final electron acceptor.The oxidised cyt a3,allows electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation to continue.The oxygen atom is reduced by two electrons.The reduced oxygenbinds with two protons to form water.