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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Hyperhomocysteinemia, change to SAM/SAH ratio resulting in decreased methylization of DNA and defect in protein production, Folic acid helps to maintain Folate cycle, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) is the methyl donor for methionine synthase (MS), dUMP to dTMP, DHF is recycled back via dihydrofolate reductase to tetrahydrofolate (THF), methionine synthase (MS) is dependent on cobalamin, homocysteine when found in high concentration in the blood called hyperhomocysteinemia, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) via SAH hydrolase is converted to homocysteine, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate deficiency leads to deficiency of dTMP, Methionine via methionine adenosyltransferase is converted to S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), thymidylate synthase converts dUMP, cobalamin (I) may be oxidized to inactive form cobalamin (II), betaine effective when deficency is in MTHF, cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency inhibits transsulfuration, MTHFR is reduced to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), tetrahydrofolate (THF) converted via serine hydroxymethyltransferase 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, transsulfuration leading to the buildup of homocysteine, homocysteine via cystathionine beta-synthase, hyperhomocysteinemia treated with betaine