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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: 13 1 Real security, Interdictum Salvianum: interdict for acquiring possession once there was non-payment but Not applicable to 3rd parties, REAL SECURITY as opposed to Personal security, Interdictum Salvianum: interdict for acquiring possession once there was non-payment and Could use interdict to prevent lessee from removing investa et illata from rental land, Ius civile institution (law of Romans) in use until the 3rd century was Most NB form in Republican and Classical periods, Debtor transfers ownership of thing of sufficient value to creditor through in iure cessio or mancipatio ???? Creditor gives undertaking or pactum fiduciae: would retransfer res once the debt is settled, Can only create real right if debt exists and If debt extinguished, right to real security also gone, Cumbersome process and Not advantageous to debtor because loses ownership, Superfluum after res sold and proceeds used to extinguish debt but Lex commissoria: if debt not paid, pledgee became owner of res, Available to creditor of other claims where security provided with form free agreement and against third parties too and Ius distrahendi: right to sell res and use proceeds to satisfy debt, Creditor gives undertaking or pactum fiduciae: would retransfer res once the debt is settled ???? Not enforceable by action initially and had to rely on bona fides, Vispand/pignus: put into possession immediately but No difference wrt juridical nature of pledge and hypothec, Popular to informally pledge security ito ius honorarium ???? Informal agreement with no ltd real right, Real right over res is given to creditor as security for the repayment of debt and Absolute right enforceable against the whole world, Hypothec: not immediately put in possession, but can claim it later when non-payment but No difference wrt juridical nature of pledge and hypothec, REAL SECURITY is Pignus hypothecave, Return of res after payment of debt but Lex commissoria: if debt not paid, pledgee became owner of res, Marcus: only difference is sound of name ???? Popular to informally pledge security ito ius honorarium, Lex commissoria: if debt not paid, pledgee became owner of res ???? Harsh, promoted usury and abolished by Constantine in 326, Lex commissoria: freed creditor from pactum fiducia so that he became owner once non-payment but Clause strongly favoured creditor as thing given usually worth more than actual debt, Delivery merely placed pledgee in factual position of power where Would only return res after debt paid